The basic commands you must execute to install a MySQL source distribution are: shell> groupadd mysqlshell> useradd -g mysql mysqlshell> gunzip < mysql-VERSION.tar.gz | tar -xvf -shell> cd mysql-VERSIONshell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysqlshell> makeshell> make installshell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnfshell> cd /usr/local/mysqlshell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysqlshell> chown -R root .shell> chown -R mysql varshell> chgrp -R mysql .shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
For versions of MySQL older than 4.0, substitute bin/safe_mysqld for bin/mysqld_safe in the final command.
If you start from a source RPM, do the following: shell> rpmbuild --rebuild --clean MySQL-VERSION.src.rpm
This will make a binary RPM that you can install. For older versions of RPM, you may have to replace the command rpmbuild with rpm instead.
Note: This procedure does not set up any passwords for MySQL accounts. After following the procedure, proceed to section 2.4 Post-Installation Setup and Testing, for post-installation setup and testing.
A more detailed version of the preceding description for installing MySQL from a source distribution follows:
- Add a login user and group for
mysqld to run as: shell> groupadd mysqlshell> useradd -g mysql mysql These commands add the mysql group and the mysql user. The syntax for useradd and groupadd may differ slightly on different versions of Unix. They may also be called adduser and addgroup. You might want to call the user and group something else instead of mysql. If so, substitute the appropriate name in the following steps.
- Pick the directory under which you want to unpack the distribution, and change location into it.
- Obtain a distribution file from one of the sites listed in section 2.1.3 How to Get MySQL.
- Unpack the distribution into the current directory:
shell> gunzip < /path/to/mysql-VERSION.tar.gz | tar xvf - This command creates a directory named `mysql-VERSION'. With GNU tar, no separate invocation of gunzip is necessary. You can use the following alternative command to uncompress and extract the distribution: shell> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz
- Change location into the top-level directory of the unpacked distribution:
shell> cd mysql-VERSION Note that currently you must configure and build MySQL from this top-level directory. You cannot build it in a different directory.
- Configure the release and compile everything:
shell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysqlshell> make When you run configure, you might want to specify some options. Run ./configure --help for a list of options. section 2.3.2 Typical configure Options, discusses some of the more useful options. If configure fails and you are going to send mail to a MySQL mailing list to ask for assistance, please include any lines from `config.log' that you think can help solve the problem. Also include the last couple of lines of output from configure. Post the bug report using the mysqlbug script. See section 1.7.1.3 How to Report Bugs or Problems. If the compile fails, see section 2.3.4 Dealing with Problems Compiling MySQL for help.
- Install the distribution:
shell> make install If you want to set up an option file, use one of those present in the `support-files' directory as a template. For example: shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf You might need to run these commands as root. If you want to configure support for InnoDB tables, you should edit the /etc/my.cnf file, remove the # character before the option lines that start with innodb_..., and modify the option values to be what you want. See section 4.3.2 Using Option Files and section 16.4 InnoDB Configuration.
- Change location into the installation directory:
shell> cd /usr/local/mysql
- If you haven't installed MySQL before, you must create the MySQL grant tables:
shell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql If you run the command as root, you should use the --user option as shown. The value of the option should be the name of the login account that you created in the first step to use for running the server. If you run the command while logged in as that user, you can omit the --user option. Note that for MySQL versions older than 3.22.10, mysql_install_db left the server running after creating the grant tables. This is no longer true; you will need to restart the server after performing the remaining steps in this procedure.
- Change the ownership of program binaries to
root and ownership of the data directory to the user that you will run mysqld as. Assuming that you are located in the installation directory (`/usr/local/mysql'), the commands look like this: shell> chown -R root .shell> chown -R mysql varshell> chgrp -R mysql . The first command changes the owner attribute of the files to the root user. The second changes the owner attribute of the data directory to the mysql user. The third changes the group attribute to the mysql group.
- If you would like MySQL to start automatically when you boot your machine, you can copy
support-files/mysql.server to the location where your system has its startup files. More information can be found in the support-files/mysql.server script itself and in section 2.4.2.2 Starting and Stopping MySQL Automatically.
- You can set up new accounts using the
bin/mysql_setpermission script if you install the DBI and DBD::mysql Perl modules. For instructions, see section 2.7 Perl Installation Notes.
After everything has been installed, you should initialize and test your distribution using this command: shell> /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
For versions of MySQL older than 4.0, substitute safe_mysqld for mysqld_safe in the command.
If that command fails immediately and prints mysqld ended, you can find some information in the `host_name.err' file in the data directory.
More information about mysqld_safe is given in section 5.1.3 The mysqld_safe Server Startup Script.
Note: The accounts that are listed in the MySQL grant tables initially have no passwords. After starting the server, you should set up passwords for them using the instructions in section 2.4 Post-Installation Setup and Testing. |